Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Environmental Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environmental Pollution - Essay Example There are four various rank of coal: anthracite, bituminous, lignite and sub-bituminous (Plant et al., 2012). The fuel obtained from coal has several uses in industries and other sectors such as power stations. In power stations, coal is used as a fuel, in generating of electricity. Coal accounts for 39 percent of the world’s electricity. Electricity is essential in promoting economic growth and improving living standards. Coal is also used in the making of cement. It is used as a fuel to give the high temperatures required, approximately 1450 degrees Celsius, in the furnace used in the burning of raw materials used in making cement. The raw materials include calcium carbonate, iron oxide, silica and alumina which are combined and burnt to produce clinker. The clinker is then combined with gypsum to produce cement. Purified coal tar is used in the production of chemicals like naphthalene, benzene, cresol oil. Ammonia gas found in coke furnace is used for making ammonia salts, fertilizers used in agriculture and nitric acid. The manufacture of steel and iron is dependent on coal. Coal is burnt in hot kilns for production coke. The coke is then used for extraction of iron from its ore in order to make steel. Coal is also used to make plastics by the use of methanol and ethylene found in coal. Coal industry has several negative impacts on the environment. The effects include thermal pollution, formation of acid rain, micro plastics, and presence of mercury in fish, acidification of oceans, flourishing of algae, and death of fish. When coal is burnt it releases mercury into the atmosphere, which settles in water bodies with time. When the fish take in the polluted water, mercury accumulates in their body fat. When nitrogen, a byproduct of combustion of coal, finds its way into the rivers or lakes, it increases the nutrient level in the water bodies causing eutrophication. It also results to the bloom of algae. Sulphur (IV) oxide and

Monday, October 28, 2019

Lamb to the Slaughter Essay Example for Free

Lamb to the Slaughter Essay Sir Arthur Conan Doyles style of making the reader want to read on is a world apart from Dahls efforts, although the actual plot hooks you immediately in any Sherlock Holmes story. Doyle focuses on the man himself to ensure the readers full attention to the story. He uses Holmes superb character, a man sharper than a knife, more cunning than a fox and an untouchable track record to reel in the readers. The way he talks, he acts and follows out investigations and eventually solving them gives the reader an air of unpredictability around Holmes. Questions roll through your mind as you advance through a story featuring the famous detective, of how he ever unveiled something so sealed from view, its beyond belief, how he cheated death in the most frightening circumstances. Sherlock Holmes intelligence as a detective is matched by none and its this that Doyle uses to keep the reader entertained and on the edge of his/her seat throughout all of his Sherlock Holmes novels. Which proves that characters in a book, not always its plot make a story memorable. The endings of the two stories were an underlining big factor in what set them apart. Lamb to the Slaughter saw Mary Maloney murdering her husband spontaneously with a bizarre object, which proved much to her advantage as the story ended with the local police, who were investigating the murder, eating the only evidence to actually put Mary Maloney away for the ultimate crime. And in the other room, Mary Maloney began to giggle. As I read this, my feelings towards Mrs Maloney suddenly doubled back and began moving in the opposite direction. From the point when Mr Maloney sternly gave his loving wife the cold shoulder early on in the story, I had been resentful to him and a supporter of Mrs Maloney. Even when she had murdered her cold husband and proceeded to pull the wool over everyones eyes with her guilty conscience, I remained faithful, but as I read that last sentence, Marys crime came into perspective and it repulsed me to see her get away with such a terrible crime and be smug about it. This however, in my opinion was intended by Dahl. In a clever twist he had been playing with our emotions throughout and had left it until the last moment to cease his spell over the reader. This ending was certainly unexpected and made the story twice as enjoyable and successful as it already was. The Speckled Bands ending, as mentioned earlier is immensely diverse from that of Lamb to the Slaughters. From the outset, the result of Holmes investigation was clearly obvious. No case goes unsolved when Sherlock Holmes takes it by the horns. The point of reading Holmes stories is in order to experience Sherlock himself, as explained earlier this is Sir Arthur Conan Doyles way of making the reader want to read on. Once again, Holmes didnt disappoint us by solving the case. He picked up on the detail much forgotten by myself, the fact that Dr Roylott, Miss Stoners father had a collection of animals inspired by his work in India. Once Sherlock had studied the room in which the death of Helen Stoners sister had taken place, he had it in mind that a venomous snake was the culprit. This was in fact the reality of the matter and Sherlock had saved the day again. The way in which Holmes solved the case, as always provided the superb story we have come to expect from Doyle. Some of the blows of my cane came home, and roused its snakish temper, so that it flew upon the first person it saw. In this way I am no doubt indirectly responsible for Dr Grimesby Roylotts death, and I cannot say that it is likely to weigh very heavily upon my conscience. These final sentences of the story, not only demonstrate Holmes renowned intelligence, but wit as he printed a smile on my face with the final quip about the doctors death weighing on his conscience. The ending had me imagining a film adaptation of the story, Sherlock stepping from view, leaving a bemused Watson to follow, trusty notepad in hand, as credits rolled across the screen. To say what my favourite ending was would be unfair as I am evidently a Sherlock Holmes fanatic, but both stories were fantastic and worth the hour or so I spent on each. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

The Idiot Savant Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Idiot Savant   Ã‚  Ã‚   An idiot savant is defined as a person who is incredibly adept at one particular skill but is completely incapable in other aspects of life such as learning, reading, writing and decision making. The term idiot savant was applied to people with this disorder in 1887 by Dr. J. Langdon Down. The term idiot savant is basically an oxymoron. "Idiot" means someone who is in a class of people with an IQ less than 25, and "savant" comes from French and literally means "learned one." People can be born idiot savants, or it can be acquired later in life, even as late as adulthood. The major mystery with idiot savants is that they don't learn the knowledge they have, they just mysteriously have it.    Many people who are idiot savants are autistic. Approximately ten percent of people with autistic disorder have some savant skills. Only one percent of people with other forms of mental disability have savant skills. However, since other forms of mental disability are more common than autism, it turns out that fifty percent of idiot savants have au...

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Anywhere You Dare :: essays research papers

“Anywhere You Dare';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I first saw the Candies fragrance ad, I immediately had a perception of its entire meaning. It is interesting to see how the advertisers for this particular advertisement try to pull people in and buy their product. This ad is an example of the sexual influence on our society s marketing strategies. We tend to deny that sexual influence has become a mainstream market in our society but if you look through an every day magazine you begin to notice how extreme it really is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the Candies advertisement that I chose, a model looking in to a cabinet in a bathroom. She stands wearing a black bra and bottom. Inside the cabinet are three full shelves of condoms. I noticed that there are a variety of colors and brands. In the center of the cabinet are two bottles of the fragrances. There is a light shining on them to make the product stand out in the entire advertisement. The expression on her face almost seems like an evil smirk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I flipped through a magazine, this advertisement immediately caught my attention. My first belief of the marketer’s intentions was to give an idea that “if you wear their product, you can be with whomever you wish, anywhere you dare, and however many partners you desire.'; Of course, this was ridiculous to me, but it definitely caught my attention. It seems as if the condoms signify multiple partners. The fragrance is the “center of attention'; in the entire ad and you will be to if you us the product.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I asked a few people what it seemed like the advertisement meant and most of them had similar opinions to mine. The whole idea of a “sexy girl'; standing in front of three full shelves of condoms is pretty self-explanatory. What is interesting about this is that there are so many ways to advertise a fragrance, but marketers tend to use sexual concepts in the advertisements for fragrances. Using any type of sexual influence for an advertisement for teenagers can bring up some controversy. Many parents would believe that the ad is promoting teenagers to have sex, and therefore would not allow their daughters to purchase the product. Why is it that almost every ad that targets teenagers, seems to be about sex? I think it is because sexuality is a new thing to them and it always grabs their attention.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Self development and attaining my SMART goals

I have a dream. I see myself as the main HR strategian of a universe renowned media company or a top HRD consultancy. Sound academic apprehension of HR is a precedence developmental demand, as highlighted in â€Å" 11 Qualities of Effective Directors † Pedler et Al. ( 2006 ) . I am from Pakistan and am remaining in the UK for my married woman ‘s PhD. Using this as an chance I have enrolled on the MSc. HRD & A ; Consultancy class. Different larning manner appraisals helped border my apprehension of myself as a learner/manager. My learning manner is Tactile/Kinaesthetic harmonizing to Jester ( 2000 ) . I view my calling as an chance to accomplish meaningful aims in a larger context. Here Schein ‘s ( 2006 ) appraisal sees strength: SV/Dedicated to Cause. I qualify as Directive on the Rowe ( 1987 ) Inventory and on Belbin ‘s ( 1981 ) I am an Implementer, Team-worker and Monitor/Evaluator. A Reflector on Honey Mumford ( 1986 ) appraisal, my personality type/signat ure on Personal Style Inventory Hogan and Champagne ( 1980 ) is ESTJ ( Extrovert, Sensing, Thinker, Judger – Stabilizer ) , whereas I am the Confronting Owl on the Conflict Questionnaire Thomas & A ; Kilmann ( 2007, 1974 ) . An illustration linking and specifying most of the above findings may be that I want to do a difference by inventing and implementing HR schemes which have a lasting impact on employee well-being [ dedication to do ] . With aims like this, I like to be at the helm of personal businesss, preferring full liberty and control over the state of affairs [ directing ] . This brings independency to form and travel things at the needed yet desired gait and affords me clip to believe things through, listen to everybody before make up one's minding and carefully see results before reasoning [ reflector ] . I love to be involved in community activities. Persevering, realistic, practical, loyal, steadfast, logical, are keywords for depicting me [ ESTJ ] . However, my calling programs are under menace as I face redundancy at work. My married woman is anticipating a babe so I may hold to either postpone the grade or axial rotation back wholly due to pecuniary solvency issues. This write-up critically reviews consequences of assorted larning manners appraisals and derives a Personal Development Plan holding with the averment that persons are responsible for their calling development and non merely organisations CIPD ( 2010, 2003 ) . It suggests possible ways for self-development and achieving my Smart ends. Guidance is provided on get the better ofing failings to understate and forestall current and future menaces. I can non and make non govern out the possibility of this being revised as my calling evolves in future ( possibly 5-10 old ages ) .Career history, Life state of affairss, Overall intent of planIntroductionI started my calling as HR/Admin Officer working for an NGO after finishing M.A. in English from Pakistan. The experience proved to b e the diving deck to the field of HR. After 4 old ages in the function, I joined as Senior HR Officer at GEO TV Network, one of Pakistan ‘s prima intelligence channels. A twelvemonth subsequently I moved to London when my married woman was awarded a scholarship for PhD. At present, I am free-lancing at one of UK ‘s taking messenger companies as Training Support Co-ordinator. My married woman is anticipating a babe and I may confront redundancy. My grade in English was my male parent ‘s pick and since the really start of my calling in HR, I felt the demand of complementary formal instruction. Thus, I had two aims: foremost, geting a sound understanding on academic degree ; 2nd, heightening professional competency, personal/self development. Bing in London has helped as I have enrolled for a specialist grade in HR. Developing a personal development program is an exercising in forming oneself, placing development demands, and puting precedences. The really first positive consequence of this exercising I noticed was that I learned how non to prioritize and discovered that I could ever utilize the PDP as a tool/meter to maintain a cheque on personal development. I can see that the PDP will function as my usher towards developing a ‘resilient sense of personal efficaciousness ‘ ( Bandura, 1994: 72 ) .Self-description & A ; AnalysisI want to go on my calling in HR. Miles and Snow ( 1996: 97 ) following Arthur et Al. ( 1989 ) see calling as â€Å" the germinating sequence of a individual ‘s work experiences over clip. † At present I am working as Training Support Co-ordinator at a company ‘s Technical section. However, I am looking to exchange back to HR every bit shortly as I get a HR related occupation. Given that I was Senior HR Officer before traveling to London, in my new occupation i.e. in the UK, I expect to be at least on the same place if non an associate director or director. If, nevertheless, I have to travel back to Pakistan, I will fall in my parent organisation GEO TV Network and continue with my programs. Between the following 5-10 old ages I plan to concentrate on developing expertness in strategic decision-making and policy preparation. I aim to work my manner to accomplishing a top place e.g. Director HR in a prima company like Reuters. It is the sense of fulfillment and effectivity that I am seeking. Effective callings net income persons, organisations, and society, notes Wilensky ( 1961 ; cited in Miles and Snow, 1996 ) . Earning sufficient expertness while traveling step-wise up the calling ladder, I will guarantee that I have sound apprehension of and experience in functions like ‘partner in scheme executing, administrative expert, employee title-holder, and alteration agent ‘ Ulrich ( 1998 ) .Learning/Development Needs AnalysisIdentifying larning manner is polar to developing a PDP. Learning Manners can be identified by taking learning manners appraisals which highlight learning/development demands, placing nucleus competences and strengths and observing spreads. Table 1 on the following page shows consequences from assorted appraisals. Learning Style, Keefe ( 1979:2 ) is a â€Å" complex of characteristic cognitive, affectional, and physiological factors that serve as comparatively stable indexs of how a scholar perceives, interacts with, and responds to the acquisition environment. † While with Stewart and Felicetti ( 1992:1 ) acquisition manners are â€Å" educational conditions under which a pupil is most likely to larn. † Therefore, larning manner is non about â€Å" what † is learned, instead â€Å" how † it is learned.Table 1: Learning/Development Needs AnalysisThere is greater consistence in the concluding consequences of the analysis than in-consistency. Sound academic apprehension of HR is a precedence developmental demand, as highlighted in â€Å" 11 Qualities of Effective Directors † Pedler et Al. ( 2006 ) . In consonant rhyme with my purpose of heading the HR section of a celebrated company, this questionnaire assesses most of the qualities likely to be needed to accomplish my purpose. As the rubric suggests, the questionnaire seems designed for on-job professionals.11 Qualities of Effective DirectorsCommand of basic facts Relevant professional cognition Continuing sensitiveness to events Analytical, job resolution, decision/ judgement-making accomplishments Social accomplishments and abilities Emotional opposition Pro-activity Creativity Mental legerity Balanced larning wonts and accomplishments Self cognition Pedler et. Al ( 2006 )Table 2: 11 Qualities of Effective DirectorsWhile taking the Honey and Mumford ( 1992 ) assessment a notable point was that even after I took the appraisal twice, with a spread of about two hebdomads I scored the highest for being a Reflector, considered to be more thought and less practical. Honey and Mumford ( 1986 ) proposed the Learning Styles Questionnaire ( LSQ ) claiming it to be more meaningful than Kolb ‘s ( Swailes and Senior 1999 ) . However, this theoretical account owes its origin to Kolb ( 1984: 41 ) , â€Å" acquisition is the procedure whereby cognition is created through the transmutation of experience. Knowledge consequences from the combination of hold oning experience and transforming it. † Kolb ‘s ( 1988 ) posit is based on the construct of experiential larning with the acquisition procedure affecting four distinguishable larning abilities/styles, based on a four-stage acquisition rhythm. Kolb devised his Learning Styles Inventory ( LSI ) to mensurate an person ‘s comparative penchant for the four acquisition manners ( Swailes and Senior 1999 ; Kolb, Rubin and Osland 1995 ) .Fig. 2, Honey & A ; Mumford Learning StyleBeginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/styles/honey_mumford.htmlHoney & A ; Mumford utilize different nomenclatureMilitant for Concrete Experience Reflector for Brooding Observation Theorist for Abstract Conceptualization Pragmatist for Active ExperimentationFig. 1: Kolb ‘s Learning StyleBeginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/styles/kolb.htmlKolb ‘s Learning ProcedureLearning from: CE – Concrete Experience RO – Brooding Observation AO – Abstract Conceptualization AE – Active Experiment The consequence on the LSQ i.e. Reflector is in crisp contrast to the diagnosing on the Personal Style Inventory, Hogan and Champagne ( 1980 ) where my personality signature is ESTJ ( Extrovert, Senser, Thinker, Judger ) – the Stabiliser. The Personal Style Inventory, Hogan and Champagne ( 1980 ) works with four braces of personality dimensions: Introversion/Extraversion ; Intuition/Sensing ; Feeling/Thinking and Perceiving/Judging. These concepts are based on the original work of Carl Jung ( 1921 ) and are a discrepancy of Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ( in Myers and Mc Caulley, 1985 ) . Learners/managers with ESTJ personalities are thought to be more practical than believing unlike reflectors. However, there is a run of similarity every bit good. The Thinker in ESTJ is analytical, so is a Reflector Honey and Mumford ( 1992 ) idea of as. The Senser in ESTJ plants with ‘tedious item ‘ Hogan and Champagne ( 1980 ) so does the Reflector take every item into history before determinations. The Thinker in ESTJ has critical ability, the Reflector weighs pro ‘s and con ‘s. I view my calling as an chance to accomplish meaningful aims in a larger context. This scores high as a strength on Schein ‘s ( 2006 ) appraisal and identifies me as SV/Dedicated to Cause. The same appraisal shows my strong GM/General Management competency, wishing for AU/Autonomy and Independence, and a desire for SE/Security and Stability. The determination wholly correspond to Rowe ( 1987 ) Decision Style Inventory where I qualify as Directive. The best organisational tantrum for Rowe ‘s Directive type and Schein ‘s AU/Autonomy type is ‘structured, such as bureaucratisms, or where power and authorization are of import, ‘ notes Rowe ( 1987 ) . My learning manner is Tactile/Kinaesthetic harmonizing to Jester ‘s ( 2000 ) which seems linked to being Reflector, working with item. On Belbin ‘s ( 1981 ) I am an Implementer, Team-worker and Monitor/Evaluator. I am the Confronting Owl on the Conflict Questionnaire by Thomas & A ; Kilmann ( 2007, 1974 ) . Consistent with findings on the LSQ – Reflector, Implementers dislike unproved solutions or thoughts. Team Workers are risk-averse and work good with clearly defined ends like Reflectors. Team worker besides matches Owl the Confronter who seeks to decide differences until all stakeholders agree on a solution. Monitor/Evaluator are slow deciders like Reflectors and prefer to believe things through and see pro ‘s and con ‘s of sentiments and determinations. While Learning Manners are the â€Å" complex of characteristic cognitive, affectional, and physiological factors that serve as comparatively stable indexs of how a scholar perceives, interacts with, and responds to the acquisition environment. † Keefe ( 1979: 2 ) , what such an analysis may neglect to see is the context in which a learner/manager behaves in one or the other manner. An agreeable averment in this respect would be by Sadler-Smith ( 2001: 295 ) warning against the application of larning manner â€Å" in an indiscriminate manner. A necessary component of any statement that seeks to generalise is some comparing of the spheres which one seeks to generalise from and to. † Personally, I find â€Å" 11 Qualities of Effective Manager † Pedlar et Al ( 2006 ) and the Hogan and Champagne ( 1980 ) Personal Style Inventory others as both clearly indicate facets which are developed or are otherwise.Smart GoalsGet a calling occupation ( HR related )Get a occupation which facilitates personal development on strategic and decision-making and policy preparation accomplishmentsWork towards purpose: to be Director HR at a taking company like ReutersKeep in head: Learning and Development demands and better uponToolkit: Detailed PDPTable 3: Smart Goals3.1 Learning and Development NeedsDifferent larning manner appraisals helped border my apprehension of myself as a learner/manager. These exercisings have been exhaustively helpful in foregrounding my acquisition and development demands.REQUISITE LEARNING & A ; DEVELOPMENTDescriptionPrecedenceAcquire relevant professional cognition High – Immediate Proactive Attitude High Mental Agility High Time Management MediumTable 4: Learning and Development NeedsTheoretical background/academic apprehension, which will augment my professional competency, is what I am acute to work on and therefore hold enrolled myself on the class at Birkbeck. Successful directors must exhibit ‘career resiliency ‘ and should â€Å" take part in the direction of their callings by taking greater duty for their acquisition † Thomson et al. , 2001 Waterman et al. , 1994, as quoted in Martin and Butler, 2000. Absence of professional classs induces a sense of under-confidence and sometimes professional insecurity. The immediate negative consequence is that it makes my occupation really demanding and requires usage of creativeness. On the other manus nevertheless, I have thorough cognition sing my company and its countries of specialization. I have been actively involved in assorted undertakings, pulling up policies and processs, forming occupation carnivals, employer stigmatization, covering with ER issues, disciplinary, exit interviews, etc. The sense of under-confidence may good be a beginning of deficiency of pro-active attitude and mental legerity. Given the fact that on my occupation there are other co-workers with more makings and preparations under their belt, this may be keeping me back from being active and agile. I am reasonably good with Time Management. However, I do see the demand to be more effectual at this. Green and Skinner ( 2005 ) believe that pull offing clip has positive impact on calling and life.Proposed Learningâ€Å" Learning is perceived as a consequence from four chief sources/activities viz. ‘experience ‘ ( from mundane life and on-the-job ) , ‘training ‘ , ‘modelling others in the workplace ‘ and ‘coaching ‘ ( i.e. apprenticeship and being looked after ) † Antonacopoulou, ( 1999 ) . There is an discernible inter-dependence between the acquisition and development demands. This translates into a dependable PDP. As mentioned earlier, I will utilize the PDP to maintain a cheque on my advancement. This means that the PDP will be revised from time-to-time.Table 5: Personal Development PlanDecisionThis write-up critically reviewed consequences of assorted larning manners appraisals and derived a Personal Development Plan holding with the averment that persons are responsible for their calling development, non merely organisations CIPD ( 2010, 2003 ) . Under the undermentioned two sub-headings, I will transport out a larning reappraisal every bit good as give a self-reflective history.Learning ReviewAssorted appraisals have given me a clear image of what my larning precedences should be and that in order for this to be a learning exercising and experience that delivers, it is indispensable that my ends be interdependent every bit good as SMART. At present, figuratively talking, I am stat mis off from where I should be working i.e. my current occupation in a proficient section of a messenger company is no aid to my calling programs. However, I am now excess and this might be a approval in camouflage. I want to be in a HR occupation. This will assist me go on my journey towards my ends all the manner developing strategic decision-making accomplishments. Besides it will relieve the sense of professional in-security as I am seeking complimentary formal instruction. I see that this fright has done me harm in footings of decreased mental legerity and low degree of proactive attitude. I will maintain a cheque on my advancement through the PDP. All of the above is clip dependent. Green and Skinner ( 2005 ) put it as holding ‘positive impact ‘ and I will work towards accomplishing excellence in clip direction.Self-reflectionUnder larning reappraisal above, I have tried to reexamine my ends as set above to and turn out that they are inter-dependant. Further immediate betterment is direly needed in footings of theoretical constructs and formal specializer knowledge-base which will assist me derive more professional competency and encouragement assurance.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

The Importance Of Sustainability Marketing In Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Essays

The Importance Of Sustainability Marketing In Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Essays The Importance Of Sustainability Marketing In Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Essay The Importance Of Sustainability Marketing In Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Essay Tourism development depends on the local environment, but the hotel as a pillar industry of touristry, on environmental protection and sensible usage of resources made aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹efforts straight related to the development of touristry and impact the sustainable development of society. 2. Review on Sustainability Marketing Since 90s, a moving ridge of green revolution is brushing the universe and the construct of sustainable development has been bit by bit accepted by the people. Nowadays, sustainability becomes a hot subject and chief subject of twenty-first century selling for hotel industry, because the future hotel development will be more focal point on protecting the balance of ecological environment, salvaging energy and cut downing pollution, but that is merely one manus. On the other, it is besides being an of import function in the selling scheme for any concern. Especial in today s extremely competitory hotel industry, how to separate self from others and run a long-run successful concern becomes a inquiry for all hotels direction. Let s discuss from the external and internal factors foremost which influences hotel sustainability. 2.1 External and Internal Factors Within the hotel industry, there are many ways we can speak about how to make sustainability, for illustration, recycling paper, altering normal bulbs to energy salvaging light bulb, utilizing non-polluting stuffs etc. But those steps merely can help in some little ways, sustainability is a much wider topic we can discourse. It is constituted with external and internal factors. There are six countries are illustrated linking together in an environment of economic success, societal duty, and ecological wellness ( Daub A ; Ergenzinger 2005 ) , and that six countries include location, selling, human resources, authorization, resource direction and output direction. These are non the lone elements that direction demands to see but it does give some indicant of the importance of each component in a affiliated environment. ( Holmberg, J. 1992 ) . Besides those external factors, environmental direction, H2O direction and energy direction as of import internal constituents direct influences hotel environmental sustainability. Throughout the factors, the sustainability development of the planetary hotel industry is non merely direct impact by internal factors, but external factors as a scheme component will help a hotel concern go beyond. 2.2 Definition of Sustainability Marketing The World Commission on Environment and Development ( WCED ) defined sustainable development as development which meets the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevals to run into their ain demands. A ( Brundlland Commission Report, 1987 ) . This is a general account apply to all field. But in a concern context, sustainable development means taking a ternary underside line ( people, planet and net income ) attack so that the concern measures its success non merely on fiscal public presentation, but on its environmental and societal public presentation excessively ( Csreurope.org 1999 ) A . The Langham in Shanghai presently put ining LED screen for every hotel room, and it will expose each room s energy ingestion index ( ECI ) , presuming hotel set 150 point as the mean ECI, and if the index of the invitee s room below this mean value, every point that lower than the mean index, it can interchange to the tantamount hotel recognition value, guest can d evour goods within hotel utilizing this recognition value. 2.2.1 Different between Green Marketing and Sustainability Marketing Many people define sustainable selling as green selling. But from the definition between these two words, they still have elusive difference. Green selling has three constituents, it refers to retailing, societal selling and environment and it will assist an organisation minimise negative impact on the physical environment ( American Marketing Association ) . However, sustainable selling is the part that the selling profession can do to sustainable development ( Csreurope.org 1999 ) . Hence, green selling should be an of import member under sustainable selling in order to help hotel concern goes farther. Langham made a batch of energy salvaging attempt to accomplish the environmental protection, on the other manus, it helped hotel save cost. In add-on, it provided a different experience to allow their client be an conservationist. The director Mr Li from Langham reference that hotel wo nt give their invitee s stay experience to accomplish their ain environmental ends, but can added more enthusiasm of environmental protection when they stay at hotel, sustainability selling s purpose is non merely concentrate on cut down pollution, more of import is promote green consciousness in order to construct a green corporate image. Therefore, for those recommending environmental protection invitee can easy do a pick, select a hotel which their nucleus is sustainable development, so that non merely air their celebrity, but besides retain the invitee, that is the sustainable development route for a hotel. 2.4 The Importance Elements of Sustainability Marketing for Hotel Industry ia? ®aS ©?†°Ã‚ ©a ¤Ã‚ §aa? °câ„ ¢a ®?a Sustainable Travel international ( SIT ) is a planetary non-profit leader which announced the launch of the Luxury Eco Certification Standard ( LECS ) to luxury hotels, it h elps them create and implement a measuring and direction model move toward to sustainability. ( web site ) . It can be seen, for today s hotel industry, being a good know hotel is non merely reflect on assortment service they can supply, but besides give client a different experience to retain their trueness is the most of import elements for nowadays hotel. 2.5.1 Customer Satisfaction The hotel wo nt give client stay experience to accomplish its ain environmental ends. The hotel does non give invitees stay to accomplish their ain environmental ends. Guests spend money hoping to bask tantamount services, the hotel environmental protection, is non so that invitees can non make this can non make that, but I hope they add more environmental enthusiasm stay. Have a great sale non because of grate merchandise, because of service ) 7-11 2.4.2 Stigmatization A A A A In add-on, the execution of green selling is besides good to construct a green corporate image to guarantee, so companies gain a alone competitory advantage. 2.3 Development tendency of Sustainability Marketing Selling has a duty to accomplish profitable growing for the company ( KOTLER, P. , BOWEN, J. T. , A ; MAKENS, J. C. 2006 ) .A 2.3.1 Knows Customer Needs, Wants A ; Demand 2.3.2 Differentiate Merchandise from Other Rivals 2.5 Strategy Planning of Sustainability Marketing ?ˆZ?  ·ea? °ac »Ã‚ ­a?‘a ±iaˆZ?  ·cs„?Z-? : A SUSTAINABILITYaa »?c†? 2.4.1 SWOT Analysis 3. Decision

Monday, October 21, 2019

Night by Elie Wiesel Essays

Night by Elie Wiesel Essays Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Night by Elie Wiesel Essay NIGHT Introduction The Holocaust was the attempt by the Nazi regime to systematically exterminate the European Jewish race during World War II. The Holocaust was a reference to the murder of around six million Jews and other minority groups such as homosexuals, gypsies and the disabled (Wiesel, 2008). In the 1930’s the Jewish population in Romania was around half a million. However, during World War II most of those Jews sent to the labour barracks or death camps (Wiesel, 2008). Set the scene of the reader, what is it about? Night by Elie Wiesel is about his experiences in the Nazi concentration camps of Auschwitz and Buchenwald in 1944 to 1945, at the height of the Holocaust and toward the end of the Second World War. It is a terrifying account  of the Nazi death camp horror that turns a naive young boy into an agonized witness of the death of  his family, his innocence and the  death and loss of faith in his God (Wiesel, 2008). The Jews of Sighet, Romania, remained in denial that anything awful would happen to them. Elie, a 15-year-old boy was forced into the Sighet ghetto and then onto the transport which arrived at Auschwitz, where the Jews were powerless to do anything to save themselves (Wiesel, 2008). I wanted to show the end, the finality of the event. Everything came to an end- man, history, literature, religion, God. There was nothing left. And yet we begin again with night (Wiesel, 2008). In the first page (p. 20) Elie describes the Germans as pleasant. How does he come to this conclusion? To what purpose would the Germans pretend to be likeable to the Jewish community? When the Germans first arrived in Sighet, they were friendly and pleasant, â€Å"their attitutude toward their hosts was distant, but polite. They never demanded the impossible, made no unpleasant comments, and even smiled occasionally at the mistress of the house†(Wiesel, 2008). It appeared that the Germans wanted to gain the trust of the Jewish community to maintain the peace within the community before turning on them (Wiesel, 2008). While everyone was packed in the ghetto waiting for news of what was happening, Elie’s father returned from a meeting and told those gathered that they were being deported. Elie and his family were packed into cattle cars and taken to Auschwitz. As the train arrived, they saw smoke rising from chimneys and were assailed by the horrific smell of burning flesh (Wiesel, 2008). Describe what Elie calls the ‘death race’? The Death Race was the race by the Germans to kill as many Jews as they could. They wanted to wipe out the entire Jewish race to develop a German ‘master race’ (Wiesel, 2008). The Germans were pushing the Jewish community towards death to see who survived. The Passover ended, â€Å"the curtain rose† (Wiesel, 2008) and the Germans â€Å"arrested the leaders of the Jewish community† (Wiesel, 2008). Elie states, â€Å"from that moment, everything happened very quickly. The race toward death had begun† (Wiesel, 2008). It was at first a slow progression from limiting the rights of the Jewish people, to wearing the Star of David and then to the attempted extermination. The Germans then began a race to kill the Jews as quickly as they could (Wiesel, 2008). Why do you think the prisoner told Elie and his father to lie about their ages? As they arrived at Auschwitz, a prisoner told Elie and his father to lie about their age in order to avoid the crematorium (Wiesel, 2008). Those deemed fit to work were sent to the labour barracks, whereas children and the elderly were sent to the gas chambers (Wiesel, 2008). In the first paragraph of chapter 3 Elie refers to the loss of the last of their illusions, what illusions might he be referring to? Elie refers to the loss of the last of their illusions because the Jews thought that, while overcrowded, they would remain safe in the Ghetto until the end of the war, until â€Å"the arrival of the Red Army† (Wiesel, 2008). They thought the Russian Army would save them. This is the meaning of the illusion, it was technically all a dream as Elie states, â€Å"the cherished objects we brought with us this far were left behind in the train, and with them, at last our illusions† (Wiesel, 2008). Conclusion The Holocaust is â€Å"a history of enduring horror and sorrow† (Wiesel, 2008). Never could anyone imagine such evil, such a horrific event happening in our world. This innocent young boy witnessed the depths of human cruelty and the heights of human disgrace (Wiesel, 2008). This unimaginable historic event breached a large number of articles of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, commencing at Article 1 which states that â€Å"all human being are born free and equal in dignity and rights† (United Nations, 2013). The inmates of the concentration camps had their freedom, dignity and rights were taken away. Other Articles breached were 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 25, 26 and 28. This novel outlines â€Å"the ever-increasing horrors that Elie endured, the loss of his family and his struggle to survive in a world that stripped him of humanity, dignity and faith† (Wiesel, 2008). Never will Elie Wiesel forget that horrific and barbaric experience he encounted as a 15 year old boy, watching people murdered and the smell of burning flesh and the murder of members of his family. Never shall I forget the little faces of the children, whose bodies I saw turned into wreaths of smoke beneath a silent blue sky† (Wiesel, 2008), â€Å"never shall I forget these things, even if I am condemned to live as long as God himself. Never† (Wiesel, 2008). References * Wiesel, E, 2008. Night. 1st ed. London: Penguin Books Ltd * United Nations. 2013. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. [ONLINE] Available at: un. org/en/documents/udhr/index. shtml. [Accessed 20 Febr uary 13]

Sunday, October 20, 2019

102 Analyzing Monsters and Evaluations Professor Ramos Blog

102 Analyzing Monsters and Evaluations Quick Write Quick Write Our next essay is an evaluation. What does evaluation suggest to you? What monster are you thinking or writing about? Narrow it down to 2 or 3 that you would be interested in learning more about. IGN Dracula Untold Review What do you think is the purpose of the evaluation? Evaluations: What is it and Why do it? Good walk through that explains evaluations more in depth. Even though it is for a program, many of the ideas apply to your Monster evaluations. Monster List of Monsters Monsters Vampires Dracula . . . Evaluation Essay 3 Evaluation: Monster  Prompt Gathering Data You will need to decide on the monster you want to evaluate, and investigate the subject thoroughly. You will need to find your primary sources and scholarly sources. For Example: Dracula or Vampires Primary Sources: Bram Stoker’s novel, Dracula (1898) – Book Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1992) – Film Scholarly Sources: Search the  Crafton  library database for your monster or category of monster. Also, Google Scholar is a great search engine for scholarly stuff. Possible search terms: Dracula Dracula critical analysis Dracula vampire Evaluation Notes Writing an Evaluation: It is one thing to offer an opinion, yet it is an entirely different matter to back up a claim with reasons and evidence. Only when you do will readers take you seriously. Explain your mission: Just what do you intend to evaluate and for whom? Are you writing for experts, a general audience, or novices? How much explaining do you need to do so that you audience follows you without getting annoyed with to much information. Establish and defend criteria: Criteria are the standards by which objects are measured. Successful presidents leave office with the country in better shape than when they entered. When readers are likely to share your criteria, you need to explain little about them. When readers disagree or object, be prepared to defend your principles. Remember: Monster Theory (Seven Theses) is a great starting point for establishing criteria.   Offer convincing evidence: Evidence makes the connection between an opinion and the criteria for evaluation that supports it. Supply data to show that a product you judged faulty didn’t meet those minimal standards. Offer worthwhile advice: Some evaluations are just for fun. Done right, most evaluations and reviews provide usable information, beneficial criticism or even ranked choices. We evaluate everything from pizza, restaurants, movies, and even professors. Commentary and criticism of all sorts just happen. Doing them well is another matter. Here is a useful explanation of an evaluation to help you out. The Evaluation Essay Using Sources What are the ways you can use sources in your essay? Explain Provide information Examples Credibility Quotes Research data Ideas! Quote Sandwich One of the most important skills you can learn in academic writing is how to incorporate sources. To help remember this, we will use the metaphor of the quotation sandwich. The Quote Sandwich. Introduce the Quote, Quote, explain the quote. Do not drive by quote. When you quote or use a source you have to explain it and use it. The quote sandwich is why you cannot start or end a paragraph with a quote. Movie Review ‘The Hunger Games’: EW Review Lisa Schwarzbaum is reviewing â€Å"The Hunger Games† movie. Does she acknowledge what her mission is and who her audience is? What criteria does she establish for it to succeed? Does she anticipate her audience’s questions and reactions? Does she address any differences between the book and movie? What is her grade or judgment of the movie? Quick Write What monster are you going to write about? Narrow it down to one or two.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Expert systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Expert systems - Essay Example Data on an organization's external operating environment, as well as internal operational information, is included and an interactive interface allows managers to retrieve and manipulate data. Modeling techniques are used to examine the results of alternative courses of action† (Decision Support System. 2007). Later on, DSS contributed to several domains, one of them is the healthcare sector. The Armed Forces Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA) is an internationally recognized medical and dental information management system that provides a safe and secure online accessibility to the military health systems (MHS) reports of beneficiary. Medical clinicians, who are deployed in various medical treatment facilities worldwide, access the system (DHIMS, 2011). They are provisioned with complete and appropriate health data in order to take informed decisions regardless of location and time. Moreover, AHLTA also facilitates central storage of electronic health records (EHR) da ta used to retrieve patients overall history of injuries and diseases (, JMIS). Expert Systems provide aid to the organization at the strategic level, as it takes input from internal and external aggregated data. Likewise, processing is carried out via graphics, simulations and outputs are transmitted via projectors and response to different queries. Expert systems are accessible to senior management that strategically oversees improvements in organizational processes to achieve business goals. AHLTA Functionality The information flow and sharing of information on various levels of the AHLTA system are illustrated below (How data travels through AHLTA, n.d): The flow of information does not cover all aspects of the system and only prioritize on nontechnical aspects. As there are four primary components of the system including: Client Workstations: The workstations that will be used by the clinical staff Local Cache Database: The local cache database stores all the retrieved informat ion, in order to provide information much faster as compared to a normal request of patient information from the system. Clinical Data Repository: The clinical data repository hosts the primary database and includes all the patient and clinical data connected to all the military treatment facilities worldwide. CHCS: Composite Health Care System is a legacy system that is performing the task of maintaining information and information retrieval related to results, appointments and vice versa. Moreover, the AHLTA system operates on two modes i.e. the normal mode and the Failover mode. The normal mode provides provision of all the available information related to patient’s history. The CHCS retrieves and demonstrates demographics, appointment information and results from the clinical data repository that displays all the information to the computer of the client (, How Data Travels through AHLTA, n.d). The fail over mode also operates on the same four components excluding the cli nical database repository. In this scenario, the clinical team can have access to document encounters related to patients. Nevertheless, they cannot access the complete record of the patients and historical records i.e. they cannot access CDR. If CDR is not accessible, CHCS sends all the information related to patient appointments, demographics along with all the relevant

Friday, October 18, 2019

Critical analysis of color application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical analysis of color application - Essay Example This paper will examine the emotional effects this painting could invoke in its viewer, examine its color palette in terms of theory and cross-cultural meaning, and the color symbolism that Picasso may have been attempting to elicit. Pablo Picasso would have been very aware of the properties of color and emotion, having gone through a period in his art known as the â€Å"blue period,† where hardly any warm colors were used at all (Ravin, J. G., & Perkins, J. 2004). In his Blue Period, Picasso used blues to create a sad mood (Ravin, J. G., & Perkins, J. 2004). This is a common color-emotional association with blue, especially in English countries where a phrase â€Å"to feel blue† means to feel depressed or sad. This, however, was very likely not the intended emotional response for Jeune Fille Endormie. While blues greens and purples take a central role in the painting, both physically (as they inhabit the centre of the painting), and metaphorically as the first thing that catches the eye, it is balanced by a great deal of warm coloration, from the yellow of the arm to the burnt orange background. These colors, especially yellow, often denote energy, and can be associated with nature (Gao et. al. 20 07). Blue is often also a color associated with calmness and nature, being the color of the sky and large bodies of water (Gombrich 1977). Picasso balances this natural color use with purple, a color less-often associated with nature (Hemphill 1996). Through this lens, the primary effect of this painting is probably not one of melancholy, but perhaps relaxation. The blues, greens and purples keep the overall energy of the painting low, while the yellow, red and orange keep this low energy state from being mistaken for sadness. This is a painting that elicits relaxation as a primary emotional response. The color categories used in this painting are very tightly bound, and consequently there is a chance that

The ISIS and Muslim Nations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The ISIS and Muslim Nations - Assignment Example Many Muslim Nations seem to have a relationship with the organization. Some of the countries have offered border routes and the financial assistance. However, even if these claims tend to be true the conclusion leads to an improper form. A form could be improper if the conclusion makes a vague or bold conclusion that the beginning two premises do not support or are not in accordance with (Dwyer and Rainbolt, Pg 46). Even if some Muslim countries are seen to offer relations and help to the group or even do not see the danger in the group, it does not mean they support or do not value the measure taken to stop the group. The fact that the group used some of their borders to pass through only raises concerns. It might be true but does not necessarily means they are in a relationship. The form is improper also since it suggests that the mentioned nations along with their perception of the group are what make it so dangerous. Argument 3 also does not make a good argument since both premises seem to have past the true premises test, but the proper form test is still debatable. The group is well financed and portrays a skillful and sophisticated manner matched by the brute force it imposes on its victims. In addition, it is true that it can seize and command two independent countries surely show its tactics and vision to control the Middle East. These two premises are true. The group has been able to seize control and impose harsh Islamic laws in these two countries. However, saying that it is different from any other group witnessed and that is the most successful extremist organization in history surely takes an improper form. Success is not measured by strong financial background and ability to seize control. How can it be named the most successful while its goals and objectives are not realized? Success can only be measured by their goals and objectives in this extremist war they undertake.

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Case Presentation Write Up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case Presentation Write Up - Essay Example oundation saying that he does not think there is any restaurant chain in the US that has successfully created a culture on how they treat their staff and employees. The restaurants are operated with low advertising budgets and instead, they have decided to let their services advertise them. The business is also known for use of biblical principles in their operations. The incorporation of these principles might be the reason behind its success making it the second largest chain or restaurant in America. According to Blackaby and Blackaby (142) the top management at Chick-fil-A is strongly rooted to Christianity. Truett Cathy, the founder of the franchise, was a very spiritual man who built his personal life and business operations on Biblical principles. The restaurants are never opened on Sundays as the management believes that their employees deserve a day off with their families and friends. The history of Chick-fil-A can be traced back to 1946 with establishment of The Dwarf Grill. The restaurant was founded by Samuel Truett Cathy who was greatly inspired by family business. The launch of Chick-fil-A in 1967 was highly marked by the invention of chicken breast sandwich. This became Chick-fil-A trade mark. After the first restaurant in the food court of the Greenbrier Mall, the chain focused on opening more franchises in more food courts. In 1986, the company opened its first freestanding franchise. The success of this franchise made the chain switch from food courts and worked more on independent franchises. Since then, the chain has continuously made progress in expanding all over the US though majority of its franchise is found in the Southern parts. The Franchise can also be found in major airports, hospitals and some universities. This happens through agreements with the concerned authorities in these institutions. The chain is known to have very strong religious culture. The operations in the chain incorporate both business principles and Biblical

Louis V Gerstner Jr Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Louis V Gerstner Jr - Research Paper Example In line with that, he also co-chaired Achieve, an organization that focus on improving the academic standards for public school in the U.S. In fact, he really supported quality education even when he was the CEO of IBM. He established Reinventing Education, an educational partnership with a number of states and school districts, enabling them to benefit from IBM technology, and technical assistance. His actions and advocacy did not go unnoticed; in fact, he was awarded honorary knighthood by Queen Elizabeth II in 2001. Social responsibility was already a concern for Gerstner even during his IBM days. In a speech addressed to Comdex, he already made mention of how technology and social responsibility go hand in hand, to wit: I think we will make our visions reality. I think that as stewards of our industry, we will step up to the challenges of social responsibility. We will improve the world, and the way we work, the way we communicate, live and learn as people.  (Transcript of Louis Gestner speech at Comdex) During that time that Louis Gerstner ruled IBM, social responsibility then was a concept that was uncommonly practiced by organizations. He contributed to social responsibility by erasing the barriers between class and gender within the organization which is a higher form of social responsibility. Unlike other organizations, that donated for a cause or planted a tree, Gerstner walked his talked. Gerstner established a diversity taskforce that addressed to diversity issues .Cohen (2010) perfectly describes from Drucker’s viewpoint how Gerstner practiced the It worked and understanding and its using its diversity became a major competitive advantage for IBM. As a result of Gerstner’s initiative the number of female executives in the company grew 370 percent and the number of ethnic minority executives increased by 233 percent. All of this had a

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Case Presentation Write Up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case Presentation Write Up - Essay Example oundation saying that he does not think there is any restaurant chain in the US that has successfully created a culture on how they treat their staff and employees. The restaurants are operated with low advertising budgets and instead, they have decided to let their services advertise them. The business is also known for use of biblical principles in their operations. The incorporation of these principles might be the reason behind its success making it the second largest chain or restaurant in America. According to Blackaby and Blackaby (142) the top management at Chick-fil-A is strongly rooted to Christianity. Truett Cathy, the founder of the franchise, was a very spiritual man who built his personal life and business operations on Biblical principles. The restaurants are never opened on Sundays as the management believes that their employees deserve a day off with their families and friends. The history of Chick-fil-A can be traced back to 1946 with establishment of The Dwarf Grill. The restaurant was founded by Samuel Truett Cathy who was greatly inspired by family business. The launch of Chick-fil-A in 1967 was highly marked by the invention of chicken breast sandwich. This became Chick-fil-A trade mark. After the first restaurant in the food court of the Greenbrier Mall, the chain focused on opening more franchises in more food courts. In 1986, the company opened its first freestanding franchise. The success of this franchise made the chain switch from food courts and worked more on independent franchises. Since then, the chain has continuously made progress in expanding all over the US though majority of its franchise is found in the Southern parts. The Franchise can also be found in major airports, hospitals and some universities. This happens through agreements with the concerned authorities in these institutions. The chain is known to have very strong religious culture. The operations in the chain incorporate both business principles and Biblical

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Luxurymarket in china Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Luxurymarket in china - Dissertation Example After testing the relationship between independent variables (i.e. â€Å"CSR†, â€Å"CA†, and â€Å"CSR + CA†) will significantly affect the dependent variables (i.e. â€Å"willingness to purchase† and â€Å"willingness to pay a premium price†), the research findings show that only CA can directly affect the Chinese consumers’ willingness to purchase and willingness to pay a premium price for luxury clothing brands in China. Since the Chinese consumers expect luxury fashion clothing brands exert an effort to become socially responsible, this study highly recommends that the luxury clothing companies should develop and implement a â€Å"high-fit, proactive initiatives† in order to strengthen their corporate and brand image, increase the customers’ brand loyalty, build a stronger relationship with the community members, establish trust among the public consumers, and increase the overall satisfaction of the customers. Table of Con tents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 2 Table of Contents ................................................................................................................. 3 1. ... ............................................. 6 1.3 Research Questions .................................................................................... 6 1.4 Research Hypotheses ................................................................................. 7 1.5 Proposed Theoretical Framework .............................................................. 7 1.6 Assumptions .............................................................................................. 8 1.7 Rationale for Selecting the Research Topic ............................................... 8 1.8 Scope and Limitations of the Study ........................................................... 9 2. Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Basic Information about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ............. 10 2.2 Impact of CSR Initiatives on Consumer Behaviour, Intention to Purchase, and Intention to Pay a Premium Price for Luxury Items ........... 12 2.3 Conditions that will make CSR Initiatives Create a Positive Impact on Consumers’ Purchasing Behaviour .............................................................. 16 2.4 CSR Initiatives of Well-Known Luxury Clothing Brands ......................... 19 2.5 Chinese Consumers’ Perception on CSR Initiatives .................................. 20 3. Research Methodology ............................................................................................. 21 3.1 Research Methodology .............................................................................. 21 3.2 Population and Sample Size ...................................................................... 22 3.3 Research Analysis

Investigating Rates of Reactions Essay Example for Free

Investigating Rates of Reactions Essay Investigate which factors out of temperature, surface area and concentration speed up the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid the most. Chemical reaction: Mg (s)+ 2HCI (aq)== MgCI2 (aq)+H2 (g) Prediction: I think the most effective factor to speed up the rate of reaction will be temperature, I say this because when the molecules are at a higher temperature they will have greater kinetics energy and move more rapidly, so they will collide more frequently and most importantly with greater energy. Then surface area will be second greatest effect, increasing the surface area of the solid increases the number of collisions between solid and particles in solutions. If we take into consideration a cube with each side 1cm long it has a total surface area of 6cm2, halve each of the cubes so that there are eight cubes each with 0. 5cm long sides and the total surface area has doubled to 12cm, now halve the size of these smaller cubes. Surface area of 1 cube, sides 1cm= 6 sides x (1cm x1cm) = 6cm2 Surface area of 8 cubes sides 0. 5cm= 8 sides x 6 sides x (0. 5 x 0. 5)=12cm2 Surface area of 64 cubes, sides 0. 25cm= 64 cubes x 6 sides x (0. 25 x 0. 25)= 24cm2 Having the average size of the particles in a given quantity of solid, doubles the surface area. So making a solid reactant in a lump form into powder considerably increases the surface area. Concentration will be the third greatest factor, which will speed up the rate of reaction. Any increase in concentration should also increase the rate of reaction; if there are more molecules present there will be more collisions. Increasing the number of collisions does not always increase the rate of reaction. What matters is the numbers of effective, effective collisions have to involve the relevant molecules, in the correct orientation, with energy at the least equal to the activation level. Equipment   Conical flask   Hydrochloric acid of 4 different molars (0. 1, 0. 5, 1, 2) Stop clock Basin of water   Bung with the tube   Magnesium   Measuring tube   Top pan balance Plan: Concentration Four different concentrations will be used. (0. 1, 0. 5, 1, 2) firstly I will use the 0.1 molar of hydrochloric, 6cm of magnesium in conjunction with the 15 ml of hydrochloric acid. When the bung is put into the conical flask the amount of gas given off can be read. I will leave the magnesium and the acid for 1 minute and I will check how much gas is given off every 10 seconds and I will record it. This will be done for all the other ranges of concentrations. Temperature I will be using 4 different temperatures (fridge 12oC, room 24oC, 50oC, 60oC). The high temperature acids will be placed in a water of their designated temperature. The other acids will be placed in their obvious places. The acid will be put in the conical flask with 6 cm of magnesium then the gas given off will be read and recorded as done previously for the concentration. Surface Area For surface I will be using 5 different lengths of magnesium ribbon, (6, 5, 2, 1, 0. 5cm) I will also be using 0. 06g of magnesium powder. Each measurement of magnesium will be used in conjunction with 15ml of hydrochloric acid. When both elements are put into the conical flask the gas given off will be read and record in the same fashion as the other tests. For each test I will do it twice to make sure my results are realiable. Fair test To ensure that I carry out a fair test I will make sure I will use the same amount of magnesium apart from when I am testing that particular variable. Also I will also use the same amount of hydrochloric acid, also I will use the same concentration apart from when Im testing that variable. I will also time each test for the same amount of time. Safety   Safety goggles worn at all times.   Precautions taken when dealing with acids.   Follow all the rules of the lab so that I can work efficiently alongside others when they are doing their experiments. Results  Concentration 2nd set of results Temperature  Fridge 4 Conclusion From doing this investigation I have successfully achieved my aim, my aim was to investigate the factors, which affect the rate of reaction. My prediction was also correct. For concentration the gas given off for o. 1 molar of hydrochloric acid was much less that what was given off for 2 molar. When powder was used for surface area ample amounts of gas was given off where as when 6cm was used not much was given off. When the acid was at a higher temperature more gas was given off, this hypothesis wasnt backed up with the results from the first test, which is why it was good that I repeated all the tests. Evaluation On a whole I thought I worked quite well, but the investigation could have been conducted in a better fashion. The particular method we used to collect the gas wasnt that effective. If a gas syringe in conjunction with a clamp stand was used our results would have been much better. I think doing the investigation twice was a good decision because doing this made it manifest that the first set of results werent as reliable, this is because when the first set of results were compared to the 2nd set of results they were quite different especially room temperature and 50oC. In the experiment the amount of gas given off for those specific temperatures were lower than the second experiment. Scientific knowledge proves that when the temperature is raised the rate of reaction will be faster. Also another thing I could of done was to do all experiments in the method we did to collect gas and also kept everything the same but the variable to change could have been the method in which we collect the gas. By doing this I could of seen which method to collect the gas would have been most effective. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Integrating Leadership into Professional Practice

Integrating Leadership into Professional Practice Every organization requires good leadership to ensure successful team building (Marquis Huston, 2003) and effective management of the organization (Perra, 2000) as well as personal fulfillment. In the past, health care system was a bureaucratic organization that was locked by hierarchical models type management (Thyer, 2003). However, due to advanced in technology, information and communication; changes in politics, demographic, social economics status and patients expectation toward health care system, traditional task- orientated, routine and habitual nursing management style no longer able to meet the evolving health care system. Therefore, it is crucial for current health care worker especially nurses to integrate leadership in health care management to meet the needs of contemporary professional nursing practice and consumers requirement and expectation (Sofarelli Brown, 1998). As senior medical assistant with 10 years working experiences. Currently I am practicing at a hospital based orthopeadic department in Northern Hospital. Our unit comprises four units, orthopeadic wards, Trauma operating theater, Orthopeadic clinic, Rehabilitation unit and emergency observation room. In fact, through our professional background, as a health worker, we are well trained for the decision making skill to deal with immediate patient care, such as dislocation, polytrauma, polyfracture, fat embolism, compartment syndrome and etc. Leaders have, for the most part, been concerned with orientating the profession to focus upon developing nursing practice (Salvage, 1989). As a senior Medical assistant other than giving services to the client who came to hospital to seek the treatment , I also assign to manage newly qualify staff nurses and medical assistants to makes sure that all the job done by them is following Standard Operating Procedures and helping them to get their opport unity to upgrade their knowledge. These are our new government policy and know as monitoring internship programme. According to Chua (2006) newly graduated nurses are now required to undergo a one year practical before they can earn their Annual Practice Certificate and this is part of the efforts to arrest the decline in nursing standards in public hospitals as health centers. This paper discussed about leadership quality in my organization when mentoring newly qualified staff nurses and medical assistants. As mention by Charnley (1999) the transition from student to staff nurse has always been seen as a challenging and stressful time in the working life of a nurse. In my view to lead and contributes to the development of an organization and provides professional leadership to the practice nursing team, we must have good knowledge, attitude, skills and capability. As a mentor I have to facilitate personal and professional development through identifying gaps in knowledge and skills, encouraging reflection and providing structure feedback to enable the newly qualified nurses develop and expand their practice with safety and confidence and improve standards of care. According to Clancy (2004) although employers can influence the quality of patient care, it is the qualities of individual nurses which have a more direct effect on the way patients are looked af ter. There are numerous texts providing definitions of leadership. Marquis and Huston (2003) defined leadership as a process of empowering beliefs, moving, persuading and influencing others toward a goal mostly without any force or threat. According to Yulk (1998) leadership is commonly defined as a process of influence in which the leader influences others toward goal achievement. Meanwhile Cohen (2004) stated leadership is the best tactic that one can use to motivate others and renew interest in others in attaining goals that are for the good of all. There are three style of leadership which are autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire, as cited in Kelly-Heidenthal (2003). Autocratic leadership involves centralized decision making, with the leader making decisions and using power to command and control others. Democratic leadership is participatory, with authority delegated to others. The third style, laisser-faire leadership, is passive and permissive and the leader differs decision making. These approaches are still apparent today (Carvey, 1999), and can be used interchangeably to response to various situations. (Marquis Huston, 2000). The autocratic style can be seen as high power tactics over the group leaving very little for others to actively become involved with process changes or improvements. (Mintzberg, 1979) this style is use when the leader tells her subordinates what she want to be done and how she want it done, without getting the advice of her followers. Subordinates behavior is closely controlled through such means as punishment, reward, arbitrary rules and task orientation. According to Fieder (1967) the autocratic leadership style is based on the assumption that the leader knows everything and what is best for their organization. Subordinates cannot be trusted to do what is right for the organization. Because of this, autocratic leadership usually leads to high levels of absenteeism and staff turnover. The democratic method of leadership style is seen as the most productive within a group setting because this offers chances for their group to become one in decision making with the leader identifying individual strengths or weakness and guides the group with motivating questions and suggestions. However, the leader maintains the final decision-making authority. Using this style is not a sign of weakness; rather it is a sign of strength that your subordinates will respect. According to (Kelly, 2003) the democratic leadership style encourages subordinates participant and professional growth and promotes greater job satisfaction and improved morale. The laissez-faire style allows the subordinates to make the decision. This French phase means leave it be and is used to describe a leader who leaves her colleagues to get on with their work ( Kumar, 2006). It can be effective if the leader monitors what is being achieved and communicates this feed back to her team regularly. However, the leader is still responsible for decisions that are made. This is used when subordinates are able to analyze the situation and determine what needs to be done and how to do it. According to Daft Marcic (2001) unfortunately, the laissez-faire leadership style can also refer to situations where managers are not exerting sufficient control. Mentoring the mentorship programmed had given me the opportunity to use several of leadership style to lead the newly qualified staffs to achieve their goal and to enhance the quality of the patient care. Continuous Professional Development activities definitely improved knowledge and skill to assist newly qualified staffs in patients health education effectively, to encourage the newly qualified staffs to attend Continuous Professional Development program I use the democratic leadership style. The democratic leadership style encourages each individual to give suggestion and new ideas, and let them to decide whice the activities in Continuous Professional Development they want to attend, each individual feel valued and motivated. I also practice the autocratic style of leadership but on rare occasions especially in maintaining the Standard Operating Procedure. I will guide and coach them to develop their skills and gives them motivation to influence productivity and will provide the good quality of care to the patients. The current type of leadership is transactional leadership. Transactional leadership categorized as traditional leadership which concernig day-to-day operation in unchanged organizational system (Marquis Huston, 2003; Lindholm et al., 2000). Transactional leader represent by efficient managers that focus at on hand task, solve immediate problems, communicate clear expectation to their staff and give reward to good performance (Tatum et al., 2003). In transformational leadership, leaders and followers are able to raise each other to higher levels of morality, motivation and productivity (Marquis Huston, 2003; Lindholm et al., 2000; Spitzer- Lehmann, 1994). Transformational leader value organizational culture (Marquis Huston, 2003).Therefore, effective communication is crucial for leader and follower to share the goals and culture of the organization (Marquis Huston, 2003). The transformational leadership is the preferred model to manage todays complex and rapid ever changing healthcare environment. Transformational leadership is an empowering leadership style and one which is highly suited to the profession of nursing. Burn (1978) as cited in Kelly-Heidenthal (2003), described a transformational leader as one who empowers others. Empowerment is the process by which we facilitate the participation of others on decision-making and power sharing. Graetz, et al. (2006) described empowerment as redistribution of decision-making to involve employee or worker participation. By educating and motivating staff to practice transformational leadership, eventually the team will mature and create strong team building and high performing working culture. Hence increase health care service standard and promote cost effectiveness for the organization (Thyer, 2003). A leadership style that is empowering nurse in decision-making enable nursing practices to shift from traditional boundaries to new and effective practices. This is because health care professionals are continuing facing great challenges in dealing with patients with complicated problems. This means that nurses and nursing leaders have to be good decision-makers. However, many nursing leaders in Malaysia are adopting the hierarchal models of leadership styles which limit nurse empowerment in decision-making. This model makes it difficult for nurses to gain confidence in decision-making and skills in assertiveness and negotiations, hence prefer to adopt a submissive approach towards those who control the organizations. What is the difference between leadership and management? It is a question that has been asked more than once and also been answered in many different ways. The huge difference between managers and leaders is the way they motivate the personal who work with them. Kotter (1990) describes the differences between leadership and management in following way, Leadership is about creating change and management is about controlling complexity in an effort to bring order and consistency. Stated by Bennis Nanus (1985) managers are people who do things right and the leaders are people who do the right things. Management is defined as the action to plan, organize, direct and control staff (Marriner-Tomey, 1996). According to Allen (1998) a leader used specific skills to inspire the work of others, all leaders are not necessarily managers and all managers are not necessarily leaders, however, to be an effective manager, one must have strong leadership quality and personality. A leader is differe nt from being a manager from the following categories their point of views, actions, goals, motivation and the extent of their authority (Fieder, 1967). According to Swansburg (1996) skill of both managers and leaders are needed for successful operation of any organization. It would easy, if indeed possible, for an organization to achieve their goals if a manager did not know how to lead as well as manage. According to Grohar (1992), newly qualified nurses have found mentoring to be a useful tool for career development especially at the beginning of their career and specific defining moments such as a change of work roll. Mentoring has been accepted as a guiding of inexperienced subordinates but not at all monitoring result in the growth of the mentee. According to Hanna (1999) the young leader will learn a lot on her own and not be spoon-fed to gain knowledge from someone past experiences. This topic has attempted to broaden the understanding of the subject of leadership in nursing and to develop the theme that leadership to bridge some of gap between theory and practice in nursing, the development of the leadership, the application of leadership skills is up to us. It can only be gained through actual experience and experimentation. Actualizing goals in todays health care arena requires nurse managers to be excellent change agents and role models. Effective leadership in nursing requires skills that are both taught and practically learnt Burns (1978). According to Fielder (1967) the leadership theory a nurse choose should reflect her ideals and be one she can most effectively use. Nurses who assume leadership and management roles need to be creative thinkers, in their work demand and have to oversee that everyone else is fulfilling their duties and the patient care is of the best. In my view a good management and leadership skills are very important in this current increasing awareness of organization to meet their demands and provide excellent nursing care practices. A good leader will be able to implement effective leadership which will help to achieve unit goal by involvement by unit staffs. (2006 words)

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Essay -- Muscle Disorder Psuedohypertrophi

Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, also known as psuedohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, is a typical sex-linked disorder in which the muscles degenerate throughout a person's life. It literally means "faulty nutrition of the muscles." Muscular Dystrophy has no cures, and this particular type of muscular dystrophy affects only males. One in 3,500 baby boys are born with this disorder and survival is rare beyond the early 30s, death is usually caused by a respiratory disease. (ygyh.org) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is named after the French neurologist, Guillaume B. A. Duchenne, who lived from 1806 to 1875. In 1861 he became the first person to describe the disorder. In 1951 Elizabeth Shull Russell, an American geneticist, accidentally observed Duchenne's muscular dystrophy in a colony of mice with which she was working. Over a number of years she discovered that muscular dystrophy was a sex linked trait contained on the x-chromosome. (Narins, 798.) Sex-linked disorders only affect males and are passed down through female carriers. A boy inherits the disorder when he receives an X chromosome with a mutated dystrophin gene (the genetic cause) from his mother. The dystrophin gene is the largest gene found in nature and was identified through a positional cloning approach. It's a highly complex gene, a large rod-like cytoskeletal protein which is found at the inner surface of muscle fibers. (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) Three different tests are used to determine if a male has Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. A CPK (also known as a CK) assay will detect muscle damage, but not the source. CPK is an abbreviation for Creatine Kinase Assay, which is essentially a blood test. Muscle biopsies are also common, a needle is inserted... ...nerated and replaced by fat. Recently, specific compounds in the oil have been identified, they produce regeneration that is even more amazing than that produced by the oil itself. (Gerras, 1056) This form of MD is normally appears in males, but there are a few extremely rare cases where it has appeared in females. Most of the statistics found only dealt with Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the U.S., so it is assumed that the disorder is more prominent in the United States. Also, there was no evidence that it affected any race more than another. (www.ygyh.org) Concluding, Duchenne?s muscular dystrophy is an excellent example of a sex-linked disease. Unfortunately, there is no cure but research is being used to find more effective treatments. Most deaths caused by the disorder aren?t directly due to the muscles, but due to a respiratory disease or disorder.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Biography of Nellie Tayloe Ross Essay -- Bio Biograhies Nellie Ross E

Biography of Nellie Tayloe Ross Nellie Tayloe was a woman of remarkable skills, responsibility and endurance. Before she became the first woman governor of the United States, Nellie was a kindergarten teacher and a presenter of informative papers at her local women’s group. She also helped her husband with his law practice as well as his governorship. Nellie was born in Missouri in 1876. â€Å"She was the sixth child and the first daughter of James and ‘Lizzie’ Tayloe† (Scheer, 2). Nellie was very private about her childhood and little is known about the family from which she came. The only story of her childhood that she ever shared was of her home being destroyed by a fire (Scheer, 1). In 1902, she became Nellie Tayloe Ross after marrying a successful lawyer and future governor of Wyoming, William Bradford Ross. Nellie was a stay at home mother with their four sons; twins George and James Ambrose, Alfred, who died at the age of ten months, and William Bradford II (Mackey, 26). In 1924, just one month before the general election, William Bradford Ross died of complications from appendicitis, leaving the democrats without a candidate (Thompson, 36-37). Many of Nellie’s friends, â€Å"... encouraged her to seek the Democratic Party’s nomination† (Mackey, 26). Analysis once suggested that â€Å"... women are put forward when their parties feel that they have little chance of winning and nothing to lose by nominating a controversial candidate† (Thompson, 36-37). Ross defeated Sullivan (the republican candidate) by more than 8000 votes. During her reign as Governor of Wyoming Nellie Tayloe Ross addressed many issues including the state’s budget deficit. While looking into the mining operations, Ross found that a lot of proper... ... A women’s dormitory, on the campus of the University of Wyoming, was named after her: Nellie Tayloe Ross Hall. In 1977, at the age of 101, Nellie died from a fall in her apartment near Washington D.C.. She was buried in Cheyenne, Wyoming (Scheer, 213-214). Her contributions to Wyoming helped pave the way for future generations of politicians as well as women and women’s rights. Works Cited: Mackey, Mike. "Nellie Tayloe Ross and Wyoming Politics." Journal of the West 42(2003): 25-31, 33. Scheer, Teva J. Governor Lady: The Life and Times of Nellie Tayloe Ross. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 2005. Thompson, D. Claudia. "Governor Lady: The Life and Times of Nellie Tayloe Ross." Annals of Wyoming 78(2006): 36-37. Van Pelt, Lori. "Discovering Her Strength: The Remarkable Transformation of Nellie Tayloe Ross." Annals of Wyoming 74(2002): 4.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Landers Corp

The message was seemingly received with mixed feelings because while Terry understood the need to keep his customer happy/satisfied, the customer's conduct does not live up to Terry's beliefs and values (family) and that is not being taken into consideration considered. Harry is seemingly putting his customer's needs ahead Of his employee's. 2. Should there be different standards for business entertainment based on organizational position within the company? Should Terry try to imitate Hardy's style?Imitating Harry style as it relates to showing his appreciation to his customers for their business and making an effort to get to know them on a personal level is indeed remarkable and makes good business sense. However, at Terry's level, he can ill-afford to entertain important clients at Harry level. While there should be different standards for business entertainment based on organizational position, allowances should be made for entertaining important customers at different levels. H ow can Terry control the conduct of a night on the town with George Whitehead? What other alternative does Terry have in gaining a personal relationship with George? Terry needs to exercise tact, caution and professionalism in addressing George prior to embarking on a night on the town. He certainly would not want to alienate such an important client but Terry must also maintain his core values and beliefs.Choosing a function where alcohol is not readily available or an event where the wives or significant other are invited would most likely curtail George's outlandish behavior and indicate to George Terry's values and core values. 4. What type of expense budgeting does this type of entertainment call for in practice? Expense budgets for accommodating such entertainment could be very large and presents the opportunity for lavish spending and abuse. However, at Terry's level,such budgets are most likely not available; they are probably reserved for the likes go Harry Wiley.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Character Identification in Drama Essay

One of the most powerful aspects of theater is the way that dramatic expression encourages the viewer to participate in the drama by identifying closely with one or more of the characters depicted on stage. In actuality, the measure of a play’s success depends on the degree to which the playwright is able to convincingly develop and exploit the audience’s identification with the dramatic characters and, in some almost ineffable way, allow them to experience the play’s themes and ideas in an intimate way. Most people probably identify more with a single character of any given play than with the other characters. Obviously, the protagonist of a play is expected to engage the audience’s identification and sympathy, but it is not always the case for every viewer that a given play’s protagonist will supply the most expedient method of sympathy and identification. For example, in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, the character of Horatio seems to me, for reasons which I hope to explain shortly, a more sympathetic character and one with which I can closely identify because Horatio is the good-hearted friend who tries to offer actionable advice to Hamlet, only to have his advice ignored and for tragedy to win the day. From the beginning of the play it is clear that Horatio is meant to serve as a psuedo-narrator of the play and his relationship with the audience is established as quickly and as innately as is possible without s direct appeal to the audience. Although Horatio’s simple lines may seem as though they play little role in the overall development of the play, they are, in fact, rich with meaning. By assuring Hamlet that he should not follow the beckoning form of his father’s ghost in the second part of Act 1 Scene 3, Horatio fully expresses his bond with Hamlet, and in doing so, begins to shift the audience-identification and audience sympathy he has established up to that point with the audience to the play’s true protagonist, Hamlet. When Horatio says â€Å"†Do not, my lord. † (Hibbard 183) he is informing the audience that Hamlet faces true danger and that he is concerned for him; so, too, should the audience be concerned. The essence of the relationship between Horatio and Hamlet is consistently portrayed as a genuine friendship. Horatio’s loyalty is important to the play’s climax at the end of Act 5 Scene 2. He cautions Hamlet, again, to avoid his tragic fate: â€Å"If your mind dislike anything, obey it. I will forestall their repair hither, and say you are not fit. † (Hibbard 344) By now, accustomed to Hamlet’s denial of his friend’s advice, the audience will recall the previous scene when Hamlet, against Horatio’s advice, sought conversation with ghost of his father. They will understand that when Hamlet chooses to disregard the advice of the single character in the play who has demonstrated friendship and loyalty to him, that Hamlet, again, embraces tragic fate. Horatio’s loyalty is â€Å"good† while Hamlet’s loyalty to the ghost of his father is destructive. Horatio represents an â€Å"existential connection to the living moment, whereas the ghost of the King represents the ambiguities of the Christian afterlife† (Holzknecht) and religious dogma as well as cultural tradition and social conservatism. My ability to identify with Horatio comes from the fact that I have also given advice to close friends who opted to ignore that advice and came to ruin. I think most people have probably faced that situation in their lives and the character of Horatio is therefore a good character to encourage audience identification. The same principle is at work in Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun,† where Hansberry challenged deep cultural ideas about African Americans. By focusing her play on realism, Hansberry created a theme which was radically different than the presentation of America typically seen on Broadway stages. The play’s impact on American audiences was very controversial. Hansberry relied on depicting extreme emotional states and conditions for her characters, as well as enticing her audience to experience the world of her characters with as much empathy as possible. In order to engage the audience, and to cause them to identify with the Youngers, Hansberry uses the device of realism, which extends to the character of Mama who is depicted as a well-meaning and hard-working person who faces insurmountable odds. One important reason why I feel an identification with Mama is because of the very beautiful language Hansberry developed for this character. Hansberry delivers the dialogue of â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† in colloquial language and this aspect of them play enhances the play’s realism. The realism of the play then causes the audience to more closely identify with the play’s characters and plot, and each of these aspects of the play helps to communicate the important sociological and racial themes that drive â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun. † Hansberry’s dialogue, in fact, becomes a key driving force of the play’s ultimate revelatory impact on the audience. As the play progresses and the characters become more clearly defined with motivations that the audience can identify with (or despise) the dialect of the play begins to attain a lyrical uniqueness — a vocal music which was unlike any other play on the Broadway stage of the time. Lines such as â€Å"Seem like God didn’t see fit to give the black man nothing but dreams†¦. ’† (Hansberry, 29) or â€Å"â€Å"There is always something left to love. And if you ain’t learned that, you ain’t learned nothing†¦. † (Hansberry, 135) attain the status of aphorism in the context of the play and divulge important social and racial realities that, for most Americans in the mid-twentieth century, existed, if at all, as merely si-debar newspaper articles or in some other abstract realization. My identification with Mama extends to her empathy for others, such as in the case of the abortion which is alluded to in the play: â€Å"Mama realizes how close the other members of the family are to despair when Ruth reveals that the â€Å"doctor† she has seen is not a conventional physician but a woman who has the capability of performing an abortion, an illegal procedure at the time that could subject Ruth to severe criminal penalties† (Domina 8). I think most people have faced situations where they were meant to do what appears to be â€Å"wrong† in order to do what is essentially right. This is the magic of Hansberry’s characterization. In plays such as Antigone which are ancient plays, identification with the characters can sometimes be more difficult for modern audiences. However, the deep identification with Creon which I experienced while reading the play emerges from the timelessness of certain â€Å"faults† of character, namely pride, which I feel is as much a part of modern life as it is â€Å"common† life, or that is, the lives of people who are not kings or royalty. The damaging impact of pride can be felt over trivial matters as well as great issues as those depicted in the play, Antigone. For my own part, I felt an extreme identification with Creon because I have personally experienced the nature of pride and arrogance in relation to my own life and my own social relationships. One of the most important aspects of my identification with Creon is the fact that — by identifying with Creon — one also, indirectly — identifies with the Chorus of the play which, in the long run, serves as a counterpoint to Creon’s increasingly egomaniacal behavior. While I can abstractly connect my own â€Å"trivial† indiscretions with personal power to Creon’s obviously near-mythic exploits, I doubt that most modern readers would necessarily be able to make that connection because the seeming influence of their â€Å"small lvies† would not seem, to them, comparable to the life and actions of a great man. However, the portrayal of â€Å"great men† in classical tragedy was used in order to exaggerate the qualities and personality traits which were viewed as being connected to tragedy. That means that the aspects of Creon which seem near-mythic in Antigone are near-mythic precisely because they are universal and can, in fact, be applied to everyday lives. This is the power of theater: to span time and culture and find universal identification through the portrayal of archetypal characters. Work Cited Domina, Lynn. Understanding a Raisin in the Sun A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1998. Hansberry, Lorraine. A Raisin in the Sun. Random House, New York. 1959 Holzknecht, Karl J. The Backgrounds of Shakespeare’s Plays. New York: American Book, 1950. Hibbard, G. R. , ed. Hamlet. Oxford: Oxford University, 1998. Sophocles. Sophocles Antigone. Trans. Richard Emil Braun. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Competitive markets, monopolies, oligopolies as types of markets Essay

Competitive markets, monopolies, oligopolies as types of markets structures - Essay Example This means that the seller has a lot of authority and control over the market conditions such as price and supply. Some of the characteristics of monopolistic market structure include little quantity or absence of substitute products, large barriers to market entry, little or no competition, while seller has a great authority over market conditions, prices are determined by the seller, insignificant difference exists between the industry and firm. Additionally, the demand curve for monopolistic markets is downward sloping, which simply means the seller can sell less at a higher price, or vice versa (Nicholson, & Snyder, 2008, p. 491). Unlike in competitive markets, monopolistic markets have the upper hand in setting market prices. Since the firms or the sellers have little to worry about competitors, they can set the prices above the marginal costs. They can set the prices above the normal profits as would be in the case of competitive markets. Additionally, the seller can influence supply, thereby determining the price by either selling more at a lower price or selling less at a higher price. The maximum possible price will be where marginal cost, marginal revenue, and demand curve intersect. Although monopolies can maximize profits in several ways, the output is largely determined by marginal cost and marginal revenue. The seller will continue increasing the output, as long as marginal costs are lower than marginal revenue. The maximum profit will be realized when the difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost is maximum. Since the seller is the price determinant, it is possible to regulate the output such that the profit obtained is maximized when other market conditions are considered. Monopoly markets have many market entry barriers as compared... It is evidently clear from the discussion that competitive markets are characterized by unlimited number of buyers and sellers, all trading on the same or similar commodity in a manner that the prices of the commodity are largely determined by the market forces. Therefore, a single individual or a small fraction of the buyers or sellers has little or no impact upon the price. Once the prevailing market forces set the price, buyers or sellers have no option but to go with the offered prices. Monopoly type of market structure refers to a market whereby there is little or no competition on the offered commodity. This means that the seller has a lot of authority and control over the market conditions such as price and supply. Some of the characteristics of monopolistic market structure include little quantity or absence of substitute products, large barriers to market entry, little or no competition, while seller has a great authority over market conditions, prices are determined by the seller, insignificant difference exists between the industry and firm. Oligopoly is a market structure whereby few sellers dominate the market. Unlike in monopoly form of market structure, oligopoly players can hardly make independent decisions since the other market players will react in response. Therefore, the decisions of one player are under the influence of the others. Few large firms characterize the market structure, each firm is appreciably large in comparison to the overall market, similar or close substitute products, and large barriers to entry.